Merge pull request #97 from aubustou/develop

Support for Terraform 0.14 and Python 3.6+

.bumpversion.cfg

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-[bumpversion]
-current_version = 0.10.1
-commit = True
-tag = False
-
-[bumpversion:file:setup.py]
-

.gitignore

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ Icon
 
 # virtualenv
 .virtualenv/
+venv/
 
 
 # Intellij
@@ -21,3 +22,4 @@ Icon
 
 # VSCode
 .vscode/
+pyrightconfig.json

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+default_language_version:
+            python: python3.6
+repos:
+-   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v3.1.0  # v2.1.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: trailing-whitespace
+    -   id: end-of-file-fixer
+    -   id: check-docstring-first
+    -   id: check-json
+    -   id: check-merge-conflict
+    -   id: check-toml
+    -   id: check-yaml
+    -   id: debug-statements
+    -   id: requirements-txt-fixer
+-   repo: https://github.com/pycqa/isort
+    rev: 5.5.2
+    hooks:
+    -   id: isort
+-   repo: https://github.com/lovesegfault/beautysh
+    rev: 6.0.1
+    hooks:
+    -   id: beautysh
+-   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
+    rev: 19.10b0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: black

.travis.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 language: python
 python:
-- '2.7'
-- '3.5'
 - '3.6'
+- '3.7'
+- '3.8'
+- '3.9'
 before_install: sudo apt-get install unzip
 before_script:
-  - export TFVER=0.10.0
+  - export TFVER=0.13.4
   - export TFURL=https://releases.hashicorp.com/terraform/
   - TFURL+=$TFVER
   - TFURL+="/terraform_"
@@ -16,37 +17,12 @@ before_script:
   - unzip terraform_bin.zip -d tf_bin
 install:
   - curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py -o - | python
-  - pip install tox-travis
   - pip install .
 script:
   - export PATH=$PATH:$PWD/tf_bin
-  - tox
+  - pytest -v
 branches:
   only:
     - master
     - develop
     - release/**
-deploy:
-- provider: pypi
-  distributions: sdist
-  server: https://testpypi.python.org/pypi
-  user: beelit94
-  password:
-    secure: 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
-  on:
-    branch: release/**
-    tags: false
-    condition: $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.5"
-- provider: pypi
-  distributions: sdist
-  user: beelit94
-  password:
-    secure: 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
-  on:
-    branch: master
-    tags: false
-    condition: $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.5"
-notifications:
-  email:
-    recipients:
-      - beelit94@gmail.com

README.md

@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
 python-terraform is a python module provide a wrapper of `terraform` command line tool.
 `terraform` is a tool made by Hashicorp, please refer to https://terraform.io/
 
+[![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black)
+[![pre-commit](https://img.shields.io/badge/pre--commit-enabled-brightgreen?logo=pre-commit&logoColor=white)](https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit)
+
 ### Status
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/beelit94/python-terraform.svg?branch=develop)](https://travis-ci.org/beelit94/python-terraform)
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/aubustou/python-terraform.svg?branch=develop)](https://travis-ci.org/aubustou/python-terraform)
 
 ## Installation
     pip install python-terraform
@@ -137,11 +140,3 @@ This make api caller don't have a general rule to follow but to do
 a exhaustive method implementation which I don't prefer to.
 Therefore I end-up with using `IsFlagged` or `IsNotFlagged` as value of option
 like `-no-color` and `True/False` value reserved for option like `refresh=true`
-
-
-
-
-    
-
-    
-    

python_terraform/__init__.py

@@ -1,462 +1,8 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+from .terraform import (
-# above is for compatibility of python2.7.11
+    IsFlagged,
-
+    IsNotFlagged,
-import subprocess
+    Terraform,
-import os
+    TerraformCommandError,
-import sys
+    VariableFiles,
-import json
+)
-import logging
+from .tfstate import Tfstate
-import tempfile
-
-from python_terraform.tfstate import Tfstate
-
-
-try:  # Python 2.7+
-    from logging import NullHandler
-except ImportError:
-    class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
-        def emit(self, record):
-            pass
-
-log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-log.addHandler(NullHandler())
-
-COMMAND_WITH_SUBCOMMANDS = ['workspace']
-
-class IsFlagged:
-    pass
-
-
-class IsNotFlagged:
-    pass
-
-
-class TerraformCommandError(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
-  def __init__(self, ret_code, cmd, out, err):
-      super(TerraformCommandError, self).__init__(ret_code, cmd)
-      self.out = out
-      self.err = err
-
-
-class Terraform(object):
-    """
-    Wrapper of terraform command line tool
-    https://www.terraform.io/
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, working_dir=None,
-                 targets=None,
-                 state=None,
-                 variables=None,
-                 parallelism=None,
-                 var_file=None,
-                 terraform_bin_path=None,
-                 is_env_vars_included=True, 
-                 ):
-        """
-        :param working_dir: the folder of the working folder, if not given,
-                            will be current working folder
-        :param targets: list of target
-                        as default value of apply/destroy/plan command
-        :param state: path of state file relative to working folder,
-                    as a default value of apply/destroy/plan command
-        :param variables: default variables for apply/destroy/plan command,
-                        will be override by variable passing by apply/destroy/plan method
-        :param parallelism: default parallelism value for apply/destroy command
-        :param var_file: passed as value of -var-file option,
-                could be string or list, list stands for multiple -var-file option
-        :param terraform_bin_path: binary path of terraform
-        :type is_env_vars_included: bool
-        :param is_env_vars_included: included env variables when calling terraform cmd
-        """
-        self.is_env_vars_included = is_env_vars_included
-        self.working_dir = working_dir
-        self.state = state
-        self.targets = [] if targets is None else targets
-        self.variables = dict() if variables is None else variables
-        self.parallelism = parallelism
-        self.terraform_bin_path = terraform_bin_path \
-            if terraform_bin_path else 'terraform'
-        self.var_file = var_file
-        self.temp_var_files = VariableFiles()
-
-        # store the tfstate data
-        self.tfstate = None
-        self.read_state_file(self.state)
-
-    def __getattr__(self, item):
-        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
-            cmd_name = str(item)
-            if cmd_name.endswith('_cmd'):
-                cmd_name = cmd_name[:-4]
-            log.debug('called with %r and %r' % (args, kwargs))
-            return self.cmd(cmd_name, *args, **kwargs)
-
-        return wrapper
-
-    def apply(self, dir_or_plan=None, input=False, skip_plan=False, no_color=IsFlagged,
-              **kwargs):
-        """
-        refer to https://terraform.io/docs/commands/apply.html
-        no-color is flagged by default
-        :param no_color: disable color of stdout
-        :param input: disable prompt for a missing variable
-        :param dir_or_plan: folder relative to working folder
-        :param skip_plan: force apply without plan (default: false)
-        :param kwargs: same as kwags in method 'cmd'
-        :returns return_code, stdout, stderr
-        """
-        default = kwargs
-        default['input'] = input
-        default['no_color'] = no_color
-        default['auto-approve'] = (skip_plan == True)
-        option_dict = self._generate_default_options(default)
-        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
-        return self.cmd('apply', *args, **option_dict)
-
-    def _generate_default_args(self, dir_or_plan):
-        return [dir_or_plan] if dir_or_plan else []
-
-    def _generate_default_options(self, input_options):
-        option_dict = dict()
-        option_dict['state'] = self.state
-        option_dict['target'] = self.targets
-        option_dict['var'] = self.variables
-        option_dict['var_file'] = self.var_file
-        option_dict['parallelism'] = self.parallelism
-        option_dict['no_color'] = IsFlagged
-        option_dict['input'] = False
-        option_dict.update(input_options)
-        return option_dict
-
-    def destroy(self, dir_or_plan=None, force=IsFlagged, **kwargs):
-        """
-        refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/destroy.html
-        force/no-color option is flagged by default
-        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
-        """
-        default = kwargs
-        default['force'] = force
-        options = self._generate_default_options(default)
-        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
-        return self.cmd('destroy', *args, **options)
-
-    def plan(self, dir_or_plan=None, detailed_exitcode=IsFlagged, **kwargs):
-        """
-        refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/plan.html
-        :param detailed_exitcode: Return a detailed exit code when the command exits.
-        :param dir_or_plan: relative path to plan/folder
-        :param kwargs: options
-        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
-        """
-        options = kwargs
-        options['detailed_exitcode'] = detailed_exitcode
-        options = self._generate_default_options(options)
-        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
-        return self.cmd('plan', *args, **options)
-
-    def init(self, dir_or_plan=None, backend_config=None,
-             reconfigure=IsFlagged, backend=True, **kwargs):
-        """
-        refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/init.html
-
-        By default, this assumes you want to use backend config, and tries to
-        init fresh. The flags -reconfigure and -backend=true are default.
-
-        :param dir_or_plan: relative path to the folder want to init
-        :param backend_config: a dictionary of backend config options. eg.
-                t = Terraform()
-                t.init(backend_config={'access_key': 'myaccesskey', 
-                'secret_key': 'mysecretkey', 'bucket': 'mybucketname'})
-        :param reconfigure: whether or not to force reconfiguration of backend
-        :param backend: whether or not to use backend settings for init
-        :param kwargs: options
-        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
-        """
-        options = kwargs
-        options['backend_config'] = backend_config
-        options['reconfigure'] = reconfigure
-        options['backend'] = backend
-        options = self._generate_default_options(options)
-        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
-        return self.cmd('init', *args, **options)
-
-    def generate_cmd_string(self, cmd, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        for any generate_cmd_string doesn't written as public method of terraform
-
-        examples:
-        1. call import command,
-        ref to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/import.html
-        --> generate_cmd_string call:
-                terraform import -input=true aws_instance.foo i-abcd1234
-        --> python call:
-                tf.generate_cmd_string('import', 'aws_instance.foo', 'i-abcd1234', input=True)
-
-        2. call apply command,
-        --> generate_cmd_string call:
-                terraform apply -var='a=b' -var='c=d' -no-color the_folder
-        --> python call:
-                tf.generate_cmd_string('apply', the_folder, no_color=IsFlagged, var={'a':'b', 'c':'d'})
-
-        :param cmd: command and sub-command of terraform, seperated with space
-                    refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/index.html
-        :param args: arguments of a command
-        :param kwargs: same as kwags in method 'cmd'
-        :return: string of valid terraform command
-        """
-        cmds = cmd.split()
-        cmds = [self.terraform_bin_path] + cmds
-        if cmd in COMMAND_WITH_SUBCOMMANDS:
-            args = list(args)
-            subcommand = args.pop(0)
-            cmds.append(subcommand)
-
-        for option, value in kwargs.items():
-            if '_' in option:
-                option = option.replace('_', '-')
-
-            if type(value) is list:
-                for sub_v in value:
-                    cmds += ['-{k}={v}'.format(k=option, v=sub_v)]
-                continue
-
-            if type(value) is dict:
-                if 'backend-config' in option:
-                    for bk, bv in value.items():
-                        cmds += ['-backend-config={k}={v}'.format(k=bk, v=bv)]
-                    continue
-
-                # since map type sent in string won't work, create temp var file for
-                # variables, and clean it up later
-                elif option == 'var':
-                    # We do not create empty var-files if there is no var passed.
-                    # An empty var-file would result in an error: An argument or block definition is required here
-                    if value:
-                        filename = self.temp_var_files.create(value)
-                        cmds += ['-var-file={0}'.format(filename)]
-
-                    continue
-
-            # simple flag,
-            if value is IsFlagged:
-                cmds += ['-{k}'.format(k=option)]
-                continue
-
-            if value is None or value is IsNotFlagged:
-                continue
-
-            if type(value) is bool:
-                value = 'true' if value else 'false'
-
-            cmds += ['-{k}={v}'.format(k=option, v=value)]
-
-        cmds += args
-        return cmds
-
-    def cmd(self, cmd, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        run a terraform command, if success, will try to read state file
-        :param cmd: command and sub-command of terraform, seperated with space
-                    refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/index.html
-        :param args: arguments of a command
-        :param kwargs:  any option flag with key value without prefixed dash character
-                if there's a dash in the option name, use under line instead of dash,
-                    ex. -no-color --> no_color
-                if it's a simple flag with no value, value should be IsFlagged
-                    ex. cmd('taint', allow＿missing=IsFlagged)
-                if it's a boolean value flag, assign True or false
-                if it's a flag could be used multiple times, assign list to it's value
-                if it's a "var" variable flag, assign dictionary to it
-                if a value is None, will skip this option
-                if the option 'capture_output' is passed (with any value other than
-                    True), terraform output will be printed to stdout/stderr and
-                    "None" will be returned as out and err.
-                if the option 'raise_on_error' is passed (with any value that evaluates to True),
-                    and the terraform command returns a nonzerop return code, then
-                    a TerraformCommandError exception will be raised. The exception object will
-                    have the following properties:
-                      returncode: The command's return code
-                      out: The captured stdout, or None if not captured
-                      err: The captured stderr, or None if not captured
-        :return: ret_code, out, err
-        """
-        capture_output = kwargs.pop('capture_output', True)
-        raise_on_error = kwargs.pop('raise_on_error', False)
-        synchronous = kwargs.pop('synchronous', True)
-        
-        if capture_output is True:
-            stderr = subprocess.PIPE
-            stdout = subprocess.PIPE
-        elif capture_output == "framework":
-            stderr = None
-            stdout = None
-        else:
-            stderr = sys.stderr
-            stdout = sys.stdout
-
-        cmds = self.generate_cmd_string(cmd, *args, **kwargs)
-        log.debug('command: {c}'.format(c=' '.join(cmds)))
-
-        working_folder = self.working_dir if self.working_dir else None
-
-        environ_vars = {}
-        if self.is_env_vars_included:
-            environ_vars = os.environ.copy()
-
-        p = subprocess.Popen(cmds, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr,
-                             cwd=working_folder, env=environ_vars)
-
-        if not synchronous:
-            return p, None, None
-
-        out, err = p.communicate()
-        ret_code = p.returncode
-        log.debug('output: {o}'.format(o=out))
-
-        if ret_code == 0:
-            self.read_state_file()
-        else:
-            log.warning('error: {e}'.format(e=err))
-
-        self.temp_var_files.clean_up()
-        if capture_output is True:
-            out = out.decode('utf-8')
-            err = err.decode('utf-8')
-        else:
-            out = None
-            err = None
-
-        if ret_code != 0 and raise_on_error:
-            raise TerraformCommandError(
-                ret_code, ' '.join(cmds), out=out, err=err)
-
-        return ret_code, out, err
-
-    def output(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/output.html
-
-        Note that this method does not conform to the (ret_code, out, err) return convention. To use
-        the "output" command with the standard convention, call "output_cmd" instead of
-        "output".
-
-        :param args:   Positional arguments. There is one optional positional
-                       argument NAME; if supplied, the returned output text
-                       will be the json for a single named output value.
-        :param kwargs: Named options, passed to the command. In addition, 
-                          'full_value': If True, and NAME is provided, then
-                                        the return value will be a dict with
-                                        "value', 'type', and 'sensitive'
-                                        properties.
-        :return: None, if an error occured
-                 Output value as a string, if NAME is provided and full_value
-                    is False or not provided
-                 Output value as a dict with 'value', 'sensitive', and 'type' if
-                    NAME is provided and full_value is True.
-                 dict of named dicts each with 'value', 'sensitive', and 'type',
-                    if NAME is not provided
-        """
-        full_value = kwargs.pop('full_value', False)
-        name_provided = (len(args) > 0)
-        kwargs['json'] = IsFlagged
-        if not kwargs.get('capture_output', True) is True:
-          raise ValueError('capture_output is required for this method')
-
-        ret, out, err = self.output_cmd(*args, **kwargs)
-
-        if ret != 0:
-            return None
-
-        out = out.lstrip()
-
-        value = json.loads(out)
-
-        if name_provided and not full_value:
-            value = value['value']
-
-        return value
-
-    def read_state_file(self, file_path=None):
-        """
-        read .tfstate file
-        :param file_path: relative path to working dir
-        :return: states file in dict type
-        """
-
-        working_dir = self.working_dir or ''
-
-        file_path = file_path or self.state or ''
-
-        if not file_path:
-            backend_path = os.path.join(file_path, '.terraform',
-                                        'terraform.tfstate')
-
-            if os.path.exists(os.path.join(working_dir, backend_path)):
-                file_path = backend_path
-            else:
-                file_path = os.path.join(file_path, 'terraform.tfstate')
-
-        file_path = os.path.join(working_dir, file_path)
-
-        self.tfstate = Tfstate.load_file(file_path)
-
-    def set_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        set workspace
-        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
-        :return: status
-        """
-
-        return self.cmd('workspace', 'select', workspace, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def create_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        create workspace
-        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
-        :return: status
-        """
-
-        return self.cmd('workspace', 'new', workspace, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def delete_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        delete workspace
-        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
-        :return: status
-        """
-
-        return self.cmd('workspace', 'delete', workspace, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def show_workspace(self, **kwargs):
-        """
-        show workspace, this command does not need the [DIR] part
-        :return: workspace
-        """
-
-        return self.cmd('workspace', 'show',   **kwargs)
-
-    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
-        self.temp_var_files.clean_up()
-
-
-class VariableFiles(object):
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.files = []
-
-    def create(self, variables):
-        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('w+t', suffix='.tfvars.json', delete=False) as temp:
-            log.debug('{0} is created'.format(temp.name))
-            self.files.append(temp)
-            log.debug(
-                'variables wrote to tempfile: {0}'.format(str(variables)))
-            temp.write(json.dumps(variables))
-            file_name = temp.name
-
-        return file_name
-
-    def clean_up(self):
-        for f in self.files:
-            os.unlink(f.name)
-
-        self.files = []

python_terraform/terraform.py

@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+from python_terraform.tfstate import Tfstate
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+COMMAND_WITH_SUBCOMMANDS = {"workspace"}
+
+
+class TerraformFlag:
+    pass
+
+
+class IsFlagged(TerraformFlag):
+    pass
+
+
+class IsNotFlagged(TerraformFlag):
+    pass
+
+
+CommandOutput = Tuple[Optional[int], Optional[str], Optional[str]]
+
+
+class TerraformCommandError(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+    def __init__(self, ret_code: int, cmd: str, out: Optional[str], err: Optional[str]):
+        super(TerraformCommandError, self).__init__(ret_code, cmd)
+        self.out = out
+        self.err = err
+        logger.error("Error with command %s. Reason: %s", self.cmd, self.err)
+
+
+class Terraform:
+    """Wrapper of terraform command line tool.
+
+    https://www.terraform.io/
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        working_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+        targets: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+        state: Optional[str] = None,
+        variables: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        parallelism: Optional[str] = None,
+        var_file: Optional[str] = None,
+        terraform_bin_path: Optional[str] = None,
+        is_env_vars_included: bool = True,
+    ):
+        """
+        :param working_dir: the folder of the working folder, if not given,
+                            will be current working folder
+        :param targets: list of target
+                        as default value of apply/destroy/plan command
+        :param state: path of state file relative to working folder,
+                    as a default value of apply/destroy/plan command
+        :param variables: default variables for apply/destroy/plan command,
+                        will be override by variable passing by apply/destroy/plan method
+        :param parallelism: default parallelism value for apply/destroy command
+        :param var_file: passed as value of -var-file option,
+                could be string or list, list stands for multiple -var-file option
+        :param terraform_bin_path: binary path of terraform
+        :type is_env_vars_included: bool
+        :param is_env_vars_included: included env variables when calling terraform cmd
+        """
+        self.is_env_vars_included = is_env_vars_included
+        self.working_dir = working_dir
+        self.state = state
+        self.targets = [] if targets is None else targets
+        self.variables = dict() if variables is None else variables
+        self.parallelism = parallelism
+        self.terraform_bin_path = (
+            terraform_bin_path if terraform_bin_path else "terraform"
+        )
+        self.var_file = var_file
+        self.temp_var_files = VariableFiles()
+
+        # store the tfstate data
+        self.tfstate = None
+        self.read_state_file(self.state)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item: str) -> Callable:
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            cmd_name = str(item)
+            if cmd_name.endswith("_cmd"):
+                cmd_name = cmd_name[:-4]
+            logger.debug("called with %r and %r", args, kwargs)
+            return self.cmd(cmd_name, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    def apply(
+        self,
+        dir_or_plan: Optional[str] = None,
+        input: bool = False,
+        skip_plan: bool = True,
+        no_color: Type[TerraformFlag] = IsFlagged,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Refer to https://terraform.io/docs/commands/apply.html
+
+        no-color is flagged by default
+        :param no_color: disable color of stdout
+        :param input: disable prompt for a missing variable
+        :param dir_or_plan: folder relative to working folder
+        :param skip_plan: force apply without plan (default: false)
+        :param kwargs: same as kwags in method 'cmd'
+        :returns return_code, stdout, stderr
+        """
+        if not skip_plan:
+            return self.plan(dir_or_plan=dir_or_plan, **kwargs)
+        default = kwargs.copy()
+        default["input"] = input
+        default["no_color"] = no_color
+        default["auto-approve"] = True  # a False value will require an input
+        option_dict = self._generate_default_options(default)
+        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
+        return self.cmd("apply", *args, **option_dict)
+
+    def _generate_default_args(self, dir_or_plan: Optional[str]) -> Sequence[str]:
+        return [dir_or_plan] if dir_or_plan else []
+
+    def _generate_default_options(
+        self, input_options: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "state": self.state,
+            "target": self.targets,
+            "var": self.variables,
+            "var_file": self.var_file,
+            "parallelism": self.parallelism,
+            "no_color": IsFlagged,
+            "input": False,
+            **input_options,
+        }
+
+    def destroy(
+        self,
+        dir_or_plan: Optional[str] = None,
+        force: Type[TerraformFlag] = IsFlagged,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/destroy.html
+
+        force/no-color option is flagged by default
+        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
+        """
+        default = kwargs.copy()
+        default["force"] = force
+        options = self._generate_default_options(default)
+        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
+        return self.cmd("destroy", *args, **options)
+
+    def plan(
+        self,
+        dir_or_plan: Optional[str] = None,
+        detailed_exitcode: Type[TerraformFlag] = IsFlagged,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/plan.html
+
+        :param detailed_exitcode: Return a detailed exit code when the command exits.
+        :param dir_or_plan: relative path to plan/folder
+        :param kwargs: options
+        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
+        """
+        options = kwargs.copy()
+        options["detailed_exitcode"] = detailed_exitcode
+        options = self._generate_default_options(options)
+        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
+        return self.cmd("plan", *args, **options)
+
+    def init(
+        self,
+        dir_or_plan: Optional[str] = None,
+        backend_config: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        reconfigure: Type[TerraformFlag] = IsFlagged,
+        backend: bool = True,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/init.html
+
+        By default, this assumes you want to use backend config, and tries to
+        init fresh. The flags -reconfigure and -backend=true are default.
+
+        :param dir_or_plan: relative path to the folder want to init
+        :param backend_config: a dictionary of backend config options. eg.
+                t = Terraform()
+                t.init(backend_config={'access_key': 'myaccesskey',
+                'secret_key': 'mysecretkey', 'bucket': 'mybucketname'})
+        :param reconfigure: whether or not to force reconfiguration of backend
+        :param backend: whether or not to use backend settings for init
+        :param kwargs: options
+        :return: ret_code, stdout, stderr
+        """
+        options = kwargs.copy()
+        options.update(
+            {
+                "backend_config": backend_config,
+                "reconfigure": reconfigure,
+                "backend": backend,
+            }
+        )
+        options = self._generate_default_options(options)
+        args = self._generate_default_args(dir_or_plan)
+        return self.cmd("init", *args, **options)
+
+    def generate_cmd_string(self, cmd: str, *args, **kwargs) -> List[str]:
+        """For any generate_cmd_string doesn't written as public method of Terraform
+
+        examples:
+        1. call import command,
+        ref to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/import.html
+        --> generate_cmd_string call:
+                terraform import -input=true aws_instance.foo i-abcd1234
+        --> python call:
+                tf.generate_cmd_string('import', 'aws_instance.foo', 'i-abcd1234', input=True)
+
+        2. call apply command,
+        --> generate_cmd_string call:
+                terraform apply -var='a=b' -var='c=d' -no-color the_folder
+        --> python call:
+                tf.generate_cmd_string('apply', the_folder, no_color=IsFlagged, var={'a':'b', 'c':'d'})
+
+        :param cmd: command and sub-command of terraform, seperated with space
+                    refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/index.html
+        :param args: arguments of a command
+        :param kwargs: same as kwags in method 'cmd'
+        :return: string of valid terraform command
+        """
+        cmds = cmd.split()
+        cmds = [self.terraform_bin_path] + cmds
+        if cmd in COMMAND_WITH_SUBCOMMANDS:
+            args = list(args)
+            subcommand = args.pop(0)
+            cmds.append(subcommand)
+
+        for option, value in kwargs.items():
+            if "_" in option:
+                option = option.replace("_", "-")
+
+            if isinstance(value, list):
+                for sub_v in value:
+                    cmds += [f"-{option}={sub_v}"]
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(value, dict):
+                if "backend-config" in option:
+                    for bk, bv in value.items():
+                        cmds += [f"-backend-config={bk}={bv}"]
+                    continue
+
+                # since map type sent in string won't work, create temp var file for
+                # variables, and clean it up later
+                elif option == "var":
+                    # We do not create empty var-files if there is no var passed.
+                    # An empty var-file would result in an error: An argument or block definition is required here
+                    if value:
+                        filename = self.temp_var_files.create(value)
+                        cmds += [f"-var-file={filename}"]
+
+                    continue
+
+            # simple flag,
+            if value is IsFlagged:
+                cmds += [f"-{option}"]
+                continue
+
+            if value is None or value is IsNotFlagged:
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(value, bool):
+                value = "true" if value else "false"
+
+            cmds += [f"-{option}={value}"]
+
+        cmds += args
+        return cmds
+
+    def cmd(
+        self,
+        cmd: str,
+        *args,
+        capture_output: Union[bool, str] = True,
+        raise_on_error: bool = True,
+        synchronous: bool = True,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Run a terraform command, if success, will try to read state file
+
+        :param cmd: command and sub-command of terraform, seperated with space
+                    refer to https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/index.html
+        :param args: arguments of a command
+        :param kwargs:  any option flag with key value without prefixed dash character
+                if there's a dash in the option name, use under line instead of dash,
+                    ex. -no-color --> no_color
+                if it's a simple flag with no value, value should be IsFlagged
+                    ex. cmd('taint', allow＿missing=IsFlagged)
+                if it's a boolean value flag, assign True or false
+                if it's a flag could be used multiple times, assign list to it's value
+                if it's a "var" variable flag, assign dictionary to it
+                if a value is None, will skip this option
+                if the option 'capture_output' is passed (with any value other than
+                    True), terraform output will be printed to stdout/stderr and
+                    "None" will be returned as out and err.
+                if the option 'raise_on_error' is passed (with any value that evaluates to True),
+                    and the terraform command returns a nonzerop return code, then
+                    a TerraformCommandError exception will be raised. The exception object will
+                    have the following properties:
+                      returncode: The command's return code
+                      out: The captured stdout, or None if not captured
+                      err: The captured stderr, or None if not captured
+        :return: ret_code, out, err
+        """
+        if capture_output is True:
+            stderr = subprocess.PIPE
+            stdout = subprocess.PIPE
+        elif capture_output == "framework":
+            stderr = None
+            stdout = None
+        else:
+            stderr = sys.stderr
+            stdout = sys.stdout
+
+        cmds = self.generate_cmd_string(cmd, *args, **kwargs)
+        logger.info("Command: %s", " ".join(cmds))
+
+        working_folder = self.working_dir if self.working_dir else None
+
+        environ_vars = {}
+        if self.is_env_vars_included:
+            environ_vars = os.environ.copy()
+
+        p = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmds, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, cwd=working_folder, env=environ_vars
+        )
+
+        if not synchronous:
+            return None, None, None
+
+        out, err = p.communicate()
+        ret_code = p.returncode
+        logger.info("output: %s", out)
+
+        if ret_code == 0:
+            self.read_state_file()
+        else:
+            logger.warning("error: %s", err)
+
+        self.temp_var_files.clean_up()
+        if capture_output is True:
+            out = out.decode()
+            err = err.decode()
+        else:
+            out = None
+            err = None
+
+        if ret_code and raise_on_error:
+            raise TerraformCommandError(ret_code, " ".join(cmds), out=out, err=err)
+
+        return ret_code, out, err
+
+    def output(
+        self, *args, capture_output: bool = True, **kwargs
+    ) -> Union[None, str, Dict[str, str], Dict[str, Dict[str, str]]]:
+        """Refer https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/output.html
+
+        Note that this method does not conform to the (ret_code, out, err) return
+        convention. To use the "output" command with the standard convention,
+        call "output_cmd" instead of "output".
+
+        :param args:   Positional arguments. There is one optional positional
+                       argument NAME; if supplied, the returned output text
+                       will be the json for a single named output value.
+        :param kwargs: Named options, passed to the command. In addition,
+                          'full_value': If True, and NAME is provided, then
+                                        the return value will be a dict with
+                                        "value', 'type', and 'sensitive'
+                                        properties.
+        :return: None, if an error occured
+                 Output value as a string, if NAME is provided and full_value
+                    is False or not provided
+                 Output value as a dict with 'value', 'sensitive', and 'type' if
+                    NAME is provided and full_value is True.
+                 dict of named dicts each with 'value', 'sensitive', and 'type',
+                    if NAME is not provided
+        """
+        kwargs["json"] = IsFlagged
+        if capture_output is False:
+            raise ValueError("capture_output is required for this method")
+
+        ret, out, _ = self.output_cmd(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if ret:
+            return None
+
+        return json.loads(out.lstrip())
+
+    def read_state_file(self, file_path=None) -> None:
+        """Read .tfstate file
+
+        :param file_path: relative path to working dir
+        :return: states file in dict type
+        """
+
+        working_dir = self.working_dir or ""
+
+        file_path = file_path or self.state or ""
+
+        if not file_path:
+            backend_path = os.path.join(file_path, ".terraform", "terraform.tfstate")
+
+            if os.path.exists(os.path.join(working_dir, backend_path)):
+                file_path = backend_path
+            else:
+                file_path = os.path.join(file_path, "terraform.tfstate")
+
+        file_path = os.path.join(working_dir, file_path)
+
+        self.tfstate = Tfstate.load_file(file_path)
+
+    def set_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Set workspace
+
+        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
+        :return: status
+        """
+        return self.cmd("workspace", "select", workspace, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def create_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Create workspace
+
+        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
+        :return: status
+        """
+        return self.cmd("workspace", "new", workspace, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def delete_workspace(self, workspace, *args, **kwargs) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Delete workspace
+
+        :param workspace: the desired workspace.
+        :return: status
+        """
+        return self.cmd("workspace", "delete", workspace, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def show_workspace(self, **kwargs) -> CommandOutput:
+        """Show workspace, this command does not need the [DIR] part
+
+        :return: workspace
+        """
+        return self.cmd("workspace", "show", **kwargs)
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback) -> None:
+        self.temp_var_files.clean_up()
+
+
+class VariableFiles:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.files = []
+
+    def create(self, variables: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
+            "w+t", suffix=".tfvars.json", delete=False
+        ) as temp:
+            logger.debug("%s is created", temp.name)
+            self.files.append(temp)
+            logger.debug("variables wrote to tempfile: %s", variables)
+            temp.write(json.dumps(variables))
+            file_name = temp.name
+
+        return file_name
+
+    def clean_up(self):
+        for f in self.files:
+            os.unlink(f.name)
+
+        self.files = []

python_terraform/tfstate.py

@@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# above is for compatibility of python2.7.11
-
 import json
-import os
 import logging
+import os
+from typing import Dict, Optional
 
-log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class Tfstate(object):
+class Tfstate:
-    def __init__(self, data=None):
+    def __init__(self, data: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None):
-        self.tfstate_file = None
+        self.tfstate_file: Optional[str] = None
         self.native_data = data
         if data:
             self.__dict__ = data
 
     @staticmethod
-    def load_file(file_path):
+    def load_file(file_path: str) -> "Tfstate":
+        """Read the tfstate file and load its contents.
+
+        Parses then as JSON and put the result into the object.
         """
-        Read the tfstate file and load its contents, parses then as JSON and put the result into the object
+        logger.debug("read data from %s", file_path)
-        """
-        log.debug('read data from {0}'.format(file_path))
         if os.path.exists(file_path):
             with open(file_path) as f:
                 json_data = json.load(f)
@@ -29,6 +28,6 @@ class Tfstate(object):
             tf_state.tfstate_file = file_path
             return tf_state
 
-        log.debug('{0} is not exist'.format(file_path))
+        logger.debug("%s does not exist", file_path)
 
         return Tfstate()

requirements.txt

@@ -1,3 +1 @@
-tox-pyenv
+/bin/bash: q : commande introuvable
-pytest
-tox

setup.cfg

@@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
 [wheel]
 universal = 1
+
+[isort]
+line_length=88
+known_third_party=
+indent='    '
+multi_line_output=3
+sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,THIRDPARTY,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER
+include_trailing_comma=true

setup.py

@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@ except ImportError:
     from distutils.core import setup
 
 dependencies = []
-module_name = 'python-terraform'
+module_name = "python-terraform"
-short_description = 'This is a python module provide a wrapper ' \
+short_description = (
-                    'of terraform command line tool'
+    "This is a python module provide a wrapper " "of terraform command line tool"
+)
 
 try:
-    with open('DESCRIPTION.rst') as f:
+    with open("DESCRIPTION.rst") as f:
         long_description = f.read()
 except IOError:
     long_description = short_description
@@ -20,36 +21,37 @@ except IOError:
 
 setup(
     name=module_name,
-    version='0.10.2',
+    version="0.14.0",
-    url='https://github.com/beelit94/python-terraform',
+    url="https://github.com/beelit94/python-terraform",
-    license='MIT',
+    license="MIT",
-    author='Freddy Tan',
+    author="Freddy Tan",
-    author_email='beelit94@gmail.com',
+    author_email="beelit94@gmail.com",
     description=short_description,
     long_description=long_description,
-    packages=['python_terraform'],
+    packages=["python_terraform"],
     package_data={},
-    platforms='any',
+    platforms="any",
     install_requires=dependencies,
+    tests_require=["pytest"],
+    python_requires=">=3.6",
     classifiers=[
         # As from http://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=list_classifiers
         # 'Development Status :: 1 - Planning',
         # 'Development Status :: 2 - Pre-Alpha',
         # 'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
-        'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',
+        "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
         # 'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
         # 'Development Status :: 6 - Mature',
         # 'Development Status :: 7 - Inactive',
-        'Environment :: Console',
+        "Environment :: Console",
-        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
+        "Intended Audience :: Developers",
-        'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
+        "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
-        'Operating System :: POSIX',
+        "Operating System :: POSIX",
-        'Operating System :: MacOS',
+        "Operating System :: MacOS",
-        'Operating System :: Unix',
+        "Operating System :: Unix",
         # 'Operating System :: Windows',
-        'Programming Language :: Python',
+        "Programming Language :: Python",
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
+        "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules",
-        'Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules',
+    ],
-    ]
 )

test/bad_fmt/test.tf

@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ variable "test_var" {
 provider "archive" {}
 
 variable "test_list_var" {
-  type    = "list"
+  type    = list(string)
   default = ["a", "b"]
 }
 
 variable "test_map_var" {
-  type = "map"
+  type = map
 
   default = {
       "a" = "a"
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ variable "test_map_var" {
 }
 
 output "test_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_var}"
+  value = var.test_var
 }
 
 output "test_list_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_list_var}"
+  value = var.test_list_var
 }
 
 output "test_map_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_map_var}"
+  value = var.test_map_var
 }

test/test_terraform.py

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
-try:
+import fnmatch
-    from cStringIO import StringIO      # Python 2
-except ImportError:
-    from io import StringIO
-from python_terraform import *
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-import pytest
-import os
 import logging
+import os
 import re
 import shutil
-import fnmatch
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from io import StringIO
+from typing import Callable
+
+import pytest
+from _pytest.logging import LogCaptureFixture, caplog
+
+from python_terraform import IsFlagged, IsNotFlagged, Terraform, TerraformCommandError
 
 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
 root_logger = logging.getLogger()
@@ -19,77 +20,91 @@ current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
 FILE_PATH_WITH_SPACE_AND_SPACIAL_CHARS = "test 'test.out!"
 STRING_CASES = [
     [
-         lambda x: x.generate_cmd_string('apply', 'the_folder',
+        lambda x: x.generate_cmd_string("apply", "the_folder", no_color=IsFlagged),
-                                         no_color=IsFlagged),
+        "terraform apply -no-color the_folder",
-         "terraform apply -no-color the_folder"
     ],
     [
-         lambda x: x.generate_cmd_string('push', 'path', vcs=True,
+        lambda x: x.generate_cmd_string(
-                                         token='token',
+            "push", "path", vcs=True, token="token", atlas_address="url"
-                                         atlas_address='url'),
+        ),
-         "terraform push -vcs=true -token=token -atlas-address=url path"
+        "terraform push -vcs=true -token=token -atlas-address=url path",
     ],
- ]
+]
 
 CMD_CASES = [
-    ['method', 'expected_output', 'expected_ret_code', 'expected_exception', 'expected_logs', 'folder'],
+    [
+        "method",
+        "expected_output",
+        "expected_ret_code",
+        "expected_exception",
+        "expected_logs",
+        "folder",
+    ],
     [
         [
-            lambda x: x.cmd('plan', 'var_to_output', no_color=IsFlagged, var={'test_var': 'test'}),
+            lambda x: x.cmd(
+                "plan",
+                "var_to_output",
+                no_color=IsFlagged,
+                var={"test_var": "test"},
+                raise_on_error=False,
+            ),
             # Expected output varies by terraform version
-            ["doesn't need to do anything",               # Terraform < 0.10.7 (used in travis env)
+            "Plan: 0 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.",
-                "no\nactions need to be performed"],      # Terraform >= 0.10.7
             0,
             False,
-            '',
+            "",
-            'var_to_output'
+            "var_to_output",
         ],
         # try import aws instance
         [
-            lambda x: x.cmd('import', 'aws_instance.foo', 'i-abcd1234', no_color=IsFlagged),
+            lambda x: x.cmd(
-            '',
+                "import",
+                "aws_instance.foo",
+                "i-abcd1234",
+                no_color=IsFlagged,
+                raise_on_error=False,
+            ),
+            "",
             1,
             False,
-            'command: terraform import -no-color aws_instance.foo i-abcd1234',
+            "Error: No Terraform configuration files",
-            ''
+            "",
-        ],
-        # try import aws instance with raise_on_error
-        [
-            lambda x: x.cmd('import', 'aws_instance.foo', 'i-abcd1234', no_color=IsFlagged, raise_on_error=True),
-            '',
-            1,
-            True,
-            'command: terraform import -no-color aws_instance.foo i-abcd1234',
-            ''
         ],
         # test with space and special character in file path
         [
-            lambda x: x.cmd('plan', 'var_to_output', out=FILE_PATH_WITH_SPACE_AND_SPACIAL_CHARS),
+            lambda x: x.cmd(
-            '',
+                "plan",
+                "var_to_output",
+                out=FILE_PATH_WITH_SPACE_AND_SPACIAL_CHARS,
+                raise_on_error=False,
+            ),
+            "",
             0,
             False,
-            '',
+            "",
-            'var_to_output'
+            "var_to_output",
         ],
         # test workspace command (commands with subcommand)
         [
-            lambda x: x.cmd('workspace', 'show',  no_color=IsFlagged),
+            lambda x: x.cmd(
-            '',
+                "workspace", "show", no_color=IsFlagged, raise_on_error=False
+            ),
+            "",
             0,
             False,
-            'command: terraform workspace show -no-color',
+            "Command: terraform workspace show -no-color",
-            ''
+            "",
+        ],
     ],
-    ]
 ]
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
 def fmt_test_file(request):
-    target = os.path.join(current_path, 'bad_fmt', 'test.backup')
+    target = os.path.join(current_path, "bad_fmt", "test.backup")
-    orgin = os.path.join(current_path, 'bad_fmt', 'test.tf')
+    orgin = os.path.join(current_path, "bad_fmt", "test.tf")
-    shutil.copy(orgin,
+    shutil.copy(orgin, target)
-                target)
 
     def td():
         shutil.move(target, orgin)
@@ -98,28 +113,28 @@ def fmt_test_file(request):
     return
 
 
-@pytest.fixture()
+# @pytest.fixture()
-def string_logger(request):
+# def string_logger(request) -> Callable[..., str]:
-    log_stream = StringIO()
+#     log_stream = StringIO()
-    handler = logging.StreamHandler(log_stream)
+#     handler = logging.StreamHandler(log_stream)
-    root_logger.addHandler(handler)
+#     root_logger.addHandler(handler)
 
-    def td():
+#     def td():
-        root_logger.removeHandler(handler)
+#         root_logger.removeHandler(handler)
-        log_stream.close()
+#         log_stream.close()
 
-    request.addfinalizer(td)
+#     request.addfinalizer(td)
-    return lambda: str(log_stream.getvalue())
+#     return lambda: str(log_stream.getvalue())
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def workspace_setup_teardown():
-    """
+    """Fixture used in workspace related tests.
-    Fixture used in workspace related tests
 
     Create and tear down a workspace
     *Use as a contextmanager*
     """
+
     @contextmanager
     def wrapper(workspace_name, create=True, delete=True, *args, **kwargs):
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
@@ -128,22 +143,18 @@ def workspace_setup_teardown():
             tf.create_workspace(workspace_name, *args, **kwargs)
         yield tf
         if delete:
-            tf.set_workspace('default')
+            tf.set_workspace("default")
             tf.delete_workspace(workspace_name)
 
     yield wrapper
 
 
-class TestTerraform(object):
+class TestTerraform:
-    def teardown_method(self, method):
+    def teardown_method(self, _) -> None:
-        """ teardown any state that was previously setup with a setup_method
+        """Teardown any state that was previously setup with a setup_method call."""
-        call.
+        exclude = ["test_tfstate_file", "test_tfstate_file2", "test_tfstate_file3"]
-        """
-        exclude = ['test_tfstate_file',
-                'test_tfstate_file2',
-                'test_tfstate_file3']
 
-        def purge(dir, pattern):
+        def purge(dir: str, pattern: str) -> None:
             for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir):
                 dirnames[:] = [d for d in dirnames if d not in exclude]
                 for filename in fnmatch.filter(filenames, pattern):
@@ -153,15 +164,13 @@ class TestTerraform(object):
                     d = os.path.join(root, dirname)
                     shutil.rmtree(d)
 
-        purge('.', '*.tfstate')
+        purge(".", "*.tfstate")
-        purge('.', '*.tfstate.backup')
+        purge(".", "*.tfstate.backup")
-        purge('.', '*.terraform')
+        purge(".", "*.terraform")
-        purge('.', FILE_PATH_WITH_SPACE_AND_SPACIAL_CHARS)
+        purge(".", FILE_PATH_WITH_SPACE_AND_SPACIAL_CHARS)
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize([
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(["method", "expected"], STRING_CASES)
-                 "method", "expected"
+    def test_generate_cmd_string(self, method: Callable[..., str], expected: str):
-             ], STRING_CASES)
-    def test_generate_cmd_string(self, method, expected):
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
         result = method(tf)
 
@@ -170,288 +179,271 @@ class TestTerraform(object):
             assert s in result
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(*CMD_CASES)
-    def test_cmd(self, method, expected_output, expected_ret_code, expected_exception, expected_logs, string_logger, folder):
+    def test_cmd(
+        self,
+        method: Callable[..., str],
+        expected_output: str,
+        expected_ret_code: int,
+        expected_exception: bool,
+        expected_logs: str,
+        caplog: LogCaptureFixture,
+        folder: str,
+    ):
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
             tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
             tf.init(folder)
             try:
-            ret, out, err = method(tf)
+                ret, out, _ = method(tf)
                 assert not expected_exception
             except TerraformCommandError as e:
                 assert expected_exception
                 ret = e.returncode
                 out = e.out
-            err = e.err
 
-        logs = string_logger()
-        logs = logs.replace('\n', '')
-        if isinstance(expected_output, list):
-            ok = False
-            for xo in expected_output:
-                if xo in out:
-                    ok = True
-                    break
-            if not ok:
-                assert expected_output[0] in out
-        else:
         assert expected_output in out
         assert expected_ret_code == ret
-        assert expected_logs in logs
+        assert expected_logs in caplog.text
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         ("folder", "variables", "var_files", "expected_output", "options"),
         [
-            ("var_to_output",
+            ("var_to_output", {"test_var": "test"}, None, "test_output=test", {}),
-             {'test_var': 'test'}, None, "test_output=test", {}),
+            (
-            ("var_to_output", {'test_list_var': ['c', 'd']}, None, "test_list_output=[c,d]", {}),
+                "var_to_output",
-            ("var_to_output", {'test_map_var': {"c": "c", "d": "d"}}, None, "test_map_output={a=ab=bc=cd=d}", {}),
+                {"test_list_var": ["c", "d"]},
-            ("var_to_output", {'test_map_var': {"c": "c", "d": "d"}}, 'var_to_output/test_map_var.json', "test_map_output={a=ab=bc=cd=de=ef=f}", {}),
+                None,
-            ("var_to_output", {}, None, "\x1b[0m\x1b[1m\x1b[32mApplycomplete!", {"no_color": IsNotFlagged})
+                'test_list_output=["c","d",]',
-        ])
+                {},
+            ),
+            (
+                "var_to_output",
+                {"test_map_var": {"c": "c", "d": "d"}},
+                None,
+                'test_map_output={"c"="c""d"="d"}',
+                {},
+            ),
+            (
+                "var_to_output",
+                {"test_map_var": {"c": "c", "d": "d"}},
+                "var_to_output/test_map_var.json",
+                # Values are overriden
+                'test_map_output={"e"="e""f"="f"}',
+                {},
+            ),
+            (
+                "var_to_output",
+                {},
+                None,
+                "\x1b[0m\x1b[1m\x1b[32mApplycomplete!",
+                {"no_color": IsNotFlagged},
+            ),
+        ],
+    )
     def test_apply(self, folder, variables, var_files, expected_output, options):
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables=variables, var_file=var_files)
+        tf = Terraform(
-        # after 0.10.0 we always need to init
+            working_dir=current_path, variables=variables, var_file=var_files
+        )
         tf.init(folder)
         ret, out, err = tf.apply(folder, **options)
         assert ret == 0
-        assert expected_output in out.replace('\n', '').replace(' ', '')
+        assert expected_output in out.replace("\n", "").replace(" ", "")
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
 
-    def test_apply_with_var_file(self, string_logger):
+    def test_apply_with_var_file(self, caplog: LogCaptureFixture):
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
             tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
 
-        tf.init()
+            folder = "var_to_output"
-        tf.apply(var_file=os.path.join(current_path, 'tfvar_file', 'test.tfvars'))
+            tf.init(folder)
-        logs = string_logger()
+            tf.apply(
-        logs = logs.split('\n')
+                folder,
-        for log in logs:
+                var_file=os.path.join(current_path, "tfvar_files", "test.tfvars"),
-            if log.startswith('command: terraform apply'):
+            )
-                assert log.count('-var-file=') == 1
+        for log in caplog.messages:
+            if log.startswith("Command: terraform apply"):
+                assert log.count("-var-file=") == 1
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ['cmd', 'args', 'options'],
+        ["cmd", "args", "options"],
         [
             # bool value
-            ('fmt', ['bad_fmt'], {'list': False, 'diff': False})
+            ("fmt", ["bad_fmt"], {"list": False, "diff": False})
-        ]
+        ],
     )
     def test_options(self, cmd, args, options, fmt_test_file):
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
         ret, out, err = getattr(tf, cmd)(*args, **options)
         assert ret == 0
-        assert out == ''
+        assert out == ""
 
     def test_state_data(self):
-        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, 'test_tfstate_file')
+        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, "test_tfstate_file")
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd, state='tfstate.test')
+        tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd, state="tfstate.test")
         tf.read_state_file()
-        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]['path'] == ['root']
+        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]["path"] == ["root"]
 
     def test_state_default(self):
-        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, 'test_tfstate_file2')
+        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, "test_tfstate_file2")
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd)
         tf.read_state_file()
-        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]['path'] == ['default']
+        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]["path"] == ["default"]
 
     def test_state_default_backend(self):
-        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, 'test_tfstate_file3')
+        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, "test_tfstate_file3")
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd)
         tf.read_state_file()
-        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]['path'] == ['default_backend']
+        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]["path"] == ["default_backend"]
 
     def test_pre_load_state_data(self):
-        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, 'test_tfstate_file')
+        cwd = os.path.join(current_path, "test_tfstate_file")
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd, state='tfstate.test')
+        tf = Terraform(working_dir=cwd, state="tfstate.test")
-        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]['path'] == ['root']
+        assert tf.tfstate.modules[0]["path"] == ["root"]
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("folder", 'variables'),
+        ("folder", "variables"), [("var_to_output", {"test_var": "test"})]
-        [
-            ("var_to_output", {'test_var': 'test'})
-        ]
     )
     def test_override_default(self, folder, variables):
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables=variables)
         tf.init(folder)
-        ret, out, err = tf.apply(folder, var={'test_var': 'test2'},
+        ret, out, err = tf.apply(
-                                 no_color=IsNotFlagged)
+            folder, var={"test_var": "test2"}, no_color=IsNotFlagged,
-        out = out.replace('\n', '')
-        assert '\x1b[0m\x1b[1m\x1b[32mApply' in out
-        out = tf.output('test_output')
-        assert 'test2' in out
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("param"),
-        [
-            ({}),
-            ({'module': 'test2'}),
-        ]
         )
-    def test_output(self, param, string_logger):
+        out = out.replace("\n", "")
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={'test_var': 'test'})
+        assert "\x1b[0m\x1b[1m\x1b[32mApply" in out
-        tf.init('var_to_output')
+        out = tf.output("test_output")
-        tf.apply('var_to_output')
+        assert "test2" in out
-        result = tf.output('test_output', **param)
-        regex = re.compile("terraform output (-module=test2 -json|-json -module=test2) test_output")
-        log_str = string_logger()
-        if param:
-            assert re.search(regex, log_str), log_str
-        else:
-            assert result == 'test'
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("output_all", [True, False])
-        ("param"),
+    def test_output(self, caplog: LogCaptureFixture, output_all: bool):
-        [
+        expected_value = "test"
-            ({}),
+        required_output = "test_output"
-            ({'module': 'test2'}),
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
-        ]
+            tf = Terraform(
+                working_dir=current_path, variables={"test_var": expected_value}
             )
-    def test_output_full_value(self, param, string_logger):
+            tf.init("var_to_output")
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={'test_var': 'test'})
+            tf.apply("var_to_output")
-        tf.init('var_to_output')
+            params = tuple() if output_all else (required_output,)
-        tf.apply('var_to_output')
+            result = tf.output(*params)
-        result = tf.output('test_output', **dict(param, full_value=True))
+        if output_all:
-        regex = re.compile("terraform output (-module=test2 -json|-json -module=test2) test_output")
+            assert result[required_output]["value"] == expected_value
-        log_str = string_logger()
-        if param:
-            assert re.search(regex, log_str), log_str
         else:
-            assert result['value'] == 'test'
+            assert result == expected_value
-
+        assert expected_value in caplog.messages[-1]
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("param"),
-        [
-            ({}),
-            ({'module': 'test2'}),
-        ]
-    )
-    def test_output_all(self, param, string_logger):
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={'test_var': 'test'})
-        tf.init('var_to_output')
-        tf.apply('var_to_output')
-        result = tf.output(**param)
-        regex = re.compile("terraform output (-module=test2 -json|-json -module=test2)")
-        log_str = string_logger()
-        if param:
-            assert re.search(regex, log_str), log_str
-        else:
-            assert result['test_output']['value'] == 'test'
 
     def test_destroy(self):
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={'test_var': 'test'})
+        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={"test_var": "test"})
-        tf.init('var_to_output')
+        tf.init("var_to_output")
-        ret, out, err = tf.destroy('var_to_output')
+        ret, out, err = tf.destroy("var_to_output")
         assert ret == 0
-        assert 'Destroy complete! Resources: 0 destroyed.' in out
+        assert "Destroy complete! Resources: 0 destroyed." in out
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("plan", "variables", "expected_ret"),
+        ("plan", "variables", "expected_ret"), [("vars_require_input", {}, 1)]
-        [
-            ('vars_require_input', {}, 1)
-        ]
     )
     def test_plan(self, plan, variables, expected_ret):
         tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables=variables)
-        ret, out, err = tf.plan(plan)
+        tf.init(plan)
-        assert ret == expected_ret
+        with pytest.raises(TerraformCommandError) as e:
+            tf.plan(plan)
+        assert (
+            e.value.err
+            == """\nError: Missing required argument\n\nThe argument "region" is required, but was not set.\n\n"""
+        )
 
     def test_fmt(self, fmt_test_file):
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={'test_var': 'test'})
+        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path, variables={"test_var": "test"})
         ret, out, err = tf.fmt(diff=True)
         assert ret == 0
 
-    def test_import(self, string_logger):
-        tf = Terraform(working_dir=current_path)
-        tf.import_cmd('aws_instance.foo', 'i-abc1234', no_color=IsFlagged)
-        assert 'command: terraform import -no-color aws_instance.foo i-abc1234' in string_logger()
-    
     def test_create_workspace(self, workspace_setup_teardown):
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+        workspace_name = "test"
         with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name, create=False) as tf:
-            ret, out, err = tf.create_workspace('test')
+            ret, out, err = tf.create_workspace("test")
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
 
-    def test_create_workspace_with_args(
+    def test_create_workspace_with_args(self, workspace_setup_teardown, caplog):
-            self, workspace_setup_teardown, string_logger
+        workspace_name = "test"
-    ):
+        state_file_path = os.path.join(
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+            current_path, "test_tfstate_file2", "terraform.tfstate"
-        state_file_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'test_tfstate_file2', 'terraform.tfstate')
+        )
-        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name, create=False) as tf:
+        with workspace_setup_teardown(
-            ret, out, err = tf.create_workspace('test', current_path, no_color=IsFlagged)
+            workspace_name, create=False
+        ) as tf, caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
+            ret, out, err = tf.create_workspace(
+                "test", current_path, no_color=IsFlagged
+            )
 
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
-
+        assert (
-        logs = string_logger()
+            f"Command: terraform workspace new -no-color test {current_path}"
-        logs = logs.replace('\n', '')
+            in caplog.messages
-        expected_log = 'command: terraform workspace new -no-color test {}'.format(current_path)
+        )
-        assert expected_log in logs
 
     def test_set_workspace(self, workspace_setup_teardown):
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+        workspace_name = "test"
         with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf:
             ret, out, err = tf.set_workspace(workspace_name)
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
 
-    def test_set_workspace_with_args(
+    def test_set_workspace_with_args(self, workspace_setup_teardown, caplog):
-            self, workspace_setup_teardown, string_logger):
+        workspace_name = "test"
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf, caplog.at_level(
-        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf:
+            logging.INFO
-            ret, out, err = tf.set_workspace(workspace_name, current_path, no_color=IsFlagged)
+        ):
+            ret, out, err = tf.set_workspace(
+                workspace_name, current_path, no_color=IsFlagged
+            )
 
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
-
+        assert (
-        logs = string_logger()
+            f"Command: terraform workspace select -no-color test {current_path}"
-        logs = logs.replace('\n', '')
+            in caplog.messages
-        expected_log = 'command: terraform workspace select -no-color test {}'.format(current_path)
+        )
-        assert expected_log in logs
 
     def test_show_workspace(self, workspace_setup_teardown):
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+        workspace_name = "test"
         with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf:
             ret, out, err = tf.show_workspace()
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
 
-    def test_show_workspace_with_no_color(
+    def test_show_workspace_with_no_color(self, workspace_setup_teardown, caplog):
-            self, workspace_setup_teardown, string_logger
+        workspace_name = "test"
+        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf, caplog.at_level(
+            logging.INFO
         ):
-        workspace_name = 'test'
-        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name) as tf:
             ret, out, err = tf.show_workspace(no_color=IsFlagged)
 
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
-
+        assert "Command: terraform workspace show -no-color" in caplog.messages
-        logs = string_logger()
-        logs = logs.replace('\n', '')
-        expected_log = 'command: terraform workspace show -no-color'
-        assert expected_log in logs
 
     def test_delete_workspace(self, workspace_setup_teardown):
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+        workspace_name = "test"
         with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name, delete=False) as tf:
-            tf.set_workspace('default')
+            tf.set_workspace("default")
             ret, out, err = tf.delete_workspace(workspace_name)
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
 
-    def test_delete_workspace_with_args(
+    def test_delete_workspace_with_args(self, workspace_setup_teardown, caplog):
-            self, workspace_setup_teardown, string_logger
+        workspace_name = "test"
-    ):
+        with workspace_setup_teardown(
-        workspace_name = 'test'
+            workspace_name, delete=False
-        with workspace_setup_teardown(workspace_name, delete=False) as tf:
+        ) as tf, caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
-            tf.set_workspace('default')
+            tf.set_workspace("default")
             ret, out, err = tf.delete_workspace(
                 workspace_name, current_path, force=IsFlagged,
             )
 
         assert ret == 0
-        assert err == ''
+        assert err == ""
-
+        assert (
-        logs = string_logger()
+            f"Command: terraform workspace delete -force test {current_path}"
-        logs = logs.replace('\n', '')
+            in caplog.messages
-        expected_log = 'command: terraform workspace delete -force test {}'.format(current_path)
+        )
-        assert expected_log in logs

test/var_to_output/test.tf

@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ variable "test_var" {
 provider "archive" {}
 
 variable "test_list_var" {
-  type    = "list"
+  type    = list(string)
   default = ["a", "b"]
 }
 
 variable "test_map_var" {
-  type = "map"
+  type = map
 
   default = {
     "a" = "a"
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ variable "test_map_var" {
 }
 
 output "test_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_var}"
+  value = var.test_var
 }
 
 output "test_list_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_list_var}"
+  value = var.test_list_var
 }
 
 output "test_map_output" {
-  value = "${var.test_map_var}"
+  value = var.test_map_var
 }

tox.ini

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# content of: tox.ini , put in same dir as setup.py
-[tox]
-envlist = py27, py35, py36
-[testenv]
-deps=pytest
-commands=py.test test
-
-[travis]
-python =
-  2.7: py27
-  3.5: py35
-  3.6: py36